Essay on Future Societies - 1617 Words

Future Societies No body knows what the future is going to be like. The future is an unsolved mystery that can never be unleashed. People will never be able to live in the future because the catch is once people live in the future, the future becomes the present. Even though no one knows what the future is going to be like, people like to write about this unsolved mystery because there is no right or wrong answer to what the future is going to be like. Both the novel, The Lathe of Heaven, and the movie, The Matrix, focus on the future. The writers and creators of these works not only suggest what life could be like in the future with similarities and differences, but they also add what life is like today in order to make the stories†¦show more content†¦In the novel the three main characters are Manny, George, and the girl he likes, Miss Leache. In the movie the trio is Morphius, Neo, and the girl he likes, Trinity. These characters are very similar to each other because they depend on each other. The anti-agent in the novel is Dr. Habor, and in the movie the anti-agent is Agent Smith. These anti-agents try and distract the main characters, either Neo or George, with what they are trying to achieve. They make the main characters lives more challenging. Other than the fact that The Matrix is a movie and The Lathe of Heaven is a book, there are aspects which are different between the two works. For instance, in The Matrix there are only two worlds. These worlds are the matrix and the real world. Not too many people know about the real world because they are stuck in the matrix. In the movie these two worlds stay consistent. The matrix is always the computer system where people have the same day to day routines, and the real world is always destroyed and run by machines. On the other hand, in the novel there are always new worlds. The characters never go back to a world which they have already lived in. Every time George dreams, a new world is created. These worlds are un known until he wakes up and sees what he has done to the previous world. George is the only one aware of these changes while in the movie the people who are not plugged in the system all know what is going on. The worlds in the novelShow MoreRelatedHow Important Is a Sense of History in Shaping the Future of Singapores Society?1558 Words   |  7 PagesQns 6. How important is a sense of history in shaping the future of Singapores society? Singapore is without a doubt, a diversified nation with many different cultures and races. Contrary to the popular belief of difference leading to antagonism, Singapore is perhaps one of the few countries globally to welcome people despite their variable backgrounds and still remain collectively competitive. Indeed, credit is due to Singapores society past or present, had been seen to be shaped with a strongRead MoreThe Future Farmers Of Society1576 Words   |  7 PagesFuture Farmers of Society Have you ever thought or asked yourself, do you want to eat? Do you want to grow your own food while working another job? The faction, Dukes, as the future farmers of society do these things in our faction. After the Ebola virus hit the air our faction (Dukes) decided to be the caring and the giving ones. The responsibilities for the society, are to take care of animals, grow food and herbs, and hunt for food. In doing so, by us fulfilling our responsibilities, people willRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography for Samsungs Outlook Essay923 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom hardware to software. By doing so, people that are into technology are going to be more interested in the products. This will provide my claim that Samsung is better by giving information on the interesting features they plan to provide in the future. Tappin, Steve. â€Å"Apple vs. Samsung: Who Will Win?† Linkedin. Linkedin, 14 Dec. 2013. Web. 19 Feb. 2014. This web exclusive source addresses which company is better in certain categories such as leadership, branding, design, user’s experience, andRead MoreCollege Education, Society, And The Future1467 Words   |  6 Pages Education, Society, and The Future One can easily distinguish whether a person has received a college degree or not. The difference might not be spotted at the moment, but it can be clearly recognized with more time spent beside the person. Confidence, satisfaction, sophistication, and economic power are some of the attributes that can differentiate an uneducated person from another. Having that said, college education does in fact change and affect a person’s health, economic power, and moralRead MoreChildren Are Our Future Society Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesChildren are our future society Children are our future society. The question is â€Å"How to prepare these generation to think critical, invent something extraordinary or maybe be the next president of The United States?† Piaget said â€Å"Teaching means creating situations where structures can be discovered† (Piaget). Educators, during their careers, develop many strategies to teach and nurture a child in an excellent school environment that promotes learning. The class design is a key for the strategiesRead MoreThe Aims Of Education : A Better Society For The Future1269 Words   |  6 PagesThe aims of education to me is produce a better society for the future. To help them be moral, ethical, and develop a higher sense of thinking. This way they can help progress society as a whole, and advance further together into the future. Having the future citizens of the world have a higher sense of thinking can aid them in their decisions more moral; assist them in determining what is right and wrong. Stu dents will need to learn how to be more open minded and able to share knowledge amongstRead MoreThe Future of Books in Todays Society Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesinnovation is causing many to debate whether E-books are a burden or a blessing on society. The movement from the oral tradition to the printed words was one of the biggest advancements of all times, the question remains if the movement from printed words to E-books is as revolutionary. Books have been the storehouses of information and knowledge since the printing press and it’s worth our time to inform our selves what the future of our learning will be. â€Å"Today, roughly 40-50,000 books are published commerciallyRead MoreGenetic Engineering And The Future Of The Destruction Of Society2048 Words   |  9 PagesGenetic Engineering; Path to the Future of the Destruction of Society? Being human, it’s a natural desire to want other things that people have, whether we like it or not. We are always comparing ourselves to other people. We are wanting to be taller, have this hair color, or even want to have better writing skills. When we’re born, you can’t technically choose what you will look like or what traits your parents will pass onto you. Advances in biotechnology have changed the way we see DNA and howRead MoreThe Effects Of Abortion On The Society s Future Essay1173 Words   |  5 Pagesthe rights and responsibilities of the woman attempting to induce an abortion. The Religious principles also have an effect on views and the entire debate about abortion. The purpose of this paper is to show the impact of abortion on the society’s future. Abortion can kill potential genius In various debates, arguments are made for abortion due to the moral view of an induced abortion. Many states have passed laws to cap the number of induced abortion. Debates pertaining abortion laws are usuallyRead MoreThe Culture of Fear and Its Effects on Society Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesThe Culture of Fear and its Effects on Society Min Kim Fear and the marketing of paranoia and uncertainty have become daily staples in today’s culture. Every day there arise new threats to national security manufactured by politicians and fuelled by the public’s demand to be protected from these imaginary bogeymen. With the vast increases in technology our society has experienced in the past forty years the news media have become an especially effective orator of impending doom, the daily exposà ©s

What Happened During The Selection Interview - 2561 Words

In this assignment I am going to explain what happened during the selection interview for this task a set of questions were prepared before to ask the potential candidates for the job role (retail supervisor) which was being advertised, in my role as the interviewee I asked a couple of questions while as the interviewer I asked a couple of the questions that were set by the group that I was in. Preparation for the interview There were some documents that had to be prepared individually and these were: Job description = A job description is a wide, general and composed legal announcement of a particular occupation. It mostly incorporates duties, responsibilities, scope and working conditions of a job along with the job’s title as well as the name of the person to whom the employee reports. A job description should contain enough data that represents significant responsibilities or duties as well as key abilities. The document should contain everything about how and what work is performed with the goal that is stays helpful not prevented by minor changes that happen. The document should be revisited and updated yearly. Person specification = The person specification portrays what experience, abilities and capabilities somebody must have the capacity to carry out the occupation and any additional things it would be beneficial for them to have. Characterizing criteria It will take a look at each of the fundamental obligations and obligations from the expected set ofShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans And The Criminal Justice System1500 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation has been in the minority, and has been persecuted for hundreds of years. What Taylor-Thompson is stating is that African-Americans usually hold the minority in court decisions as well, which poses a problem due to the majority overriding their vote. Due to the racial tensions, the judicial system ultimately changed in order to include more minorities in juries, however it was lopsided during the Simpson trial. During the tumultuous 1990s, there were many racial incidents, most famously the RodneyRead MoreFamily Structures And Its Effects On The United States946 Words   |  4 Pagesfamilies that have more than five members. I may come across this if the families want to bring with them extended family members such as grandparents or aunts and uncles. The families that I choose to bring do not necessarily have to be from Rwanda. During the genocide, there were Hutus who left the country because at the time it was not a good place to live and they fled to the surrounding countries. Some of these refugees stayed in those countries, while others went back to Rwanda only to face suspicionRead MoreChapter 3: Equal Employment Opportunity Human Resources Management963 Words   |  4 Pagesopportunity that are often more comprehensive than federal laws. †¢ Sexual Harassment: Unwelcome advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature in the working environment †¢ Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures: Is a procedural document published in the Federal Register to assist employers in complying with federal regulations against discriminatory actions. †¢ Adverse Impact: The rejection of a significantly higher percentage of a protectedRead MoreEssay about Report on Collecting Forensic Evidence1098 Words   |  5 Pagesare possible frauds exist: 1. Apollo’s minutes of October 18, 2007 shows that Mr. Unum, the VP of finance at Apollo Shoes refused the new auditing firm’s request to contact the old auditors. This may lead us to think that something might have happened during the previous audits. 2. Apollo’s minutes of June 30, 2007 shows that Apollo approved an advance of $1,000,000 to Mr. Lancaster (CEO of Apollo Shoes) as a personal loan to cover personal legal expenses. Mr. Unum later reclassified the loan asRead MoreA Presentation Of The Rationale For The Qualitative Case Study Approach1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmethodology of my case study. I will begin with a presentation of the rationale for the qualitative case study approach. Next, I will present the participant selection criteria, the design of the study, and the methods of the data collection which will include the two interviews (first and follow-up), classroom observation, videotaping the participant during instruction, and document data collection. I will also discuss the strategies I will be using to enhance the trustworthiness of the study. At the endRead MoreThe Research Outcome Is Dependent On Careful Selection Of The Participants1336 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing successful bracketing, the nex t step to the phenomenological method is to collect the data. The research outcome is dependent on careful selection of the participants for the research. In theory the more participants a research project has, the better the researchers understanding of the experience should be Likewise the demographics of the participants are also important to understanding the nature of the data (Bond, 2011). However, for my research I chose to select one person who immigratedRead MoreCanadian Code Of Ethics For Psychologist And The Ethical Decision Making Process1406 Words   |  6 PagesPersonnel selection can be considered the responsibility of all those who manage people as well as a description of persons who are employed as specialists. Psychologists are hired by organizations to help with the personnel selection process and to help select the best person for the job. While helping with the selection process, the psychologist needs to follow the professional standards set by the APA. PERSONNEL SELECTED Psychologists offer a unique insight into the workings of selection processRead MoreSingapore International Airlines1597 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Singapore Airlines was founded in the year 1947 as the Malayan Airways Limited (MAL) during the British invasion at the Tanah Melayu. After the events Independence in 1957, the Malayan Airways Limited has changed its name to Malayan Singapore Airlines (MSA). However, the company name should be changed again as a result of the separation of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965. This company was separated in two different entities which are the Malaysian Airlines (MAS) and the Singapore AirlinesRead MoreA Interview At An Interview1585 Words   |  7 Pagesthe submission of my application, I received an email inviting me to the interview that would be conducted in company’s office in London. Overall, in my opinion, I did my best in terms of the preparation. I researched the company’s history, read about its most popular products and familiarized myself with the recent industry and company’s news (Burke and Thurgood 2007). A week prior to the interview date I attended an interview preparation session organized by the Careers Office which, as noted byRead MoreThe Interview Process For Oshkosh1765 Words   |  8 Pages There are many jobs that I have applied to and went through the interview process but the one that stood out the most to me is when I applied for Oshkosh. This job I’m still at because I love my boss and it’s a job that I feel at home with. I will talk about the interview process. How I was initially selected, substantively selected, and ultimately contingently selected this theory comes from the book. Lastly how after working there for about 5 months I got put into a temporary part time supervisor

The Dahlgren and Whitehead Health Determinants Model †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Dahlgren and Whitehead Health Determinants Model. Answer: Introduction The existence of the inequalities in terms of health in the society where the health is linked to the socioeconomic level has resulted in the growing awareness that most of the issues can be determined by the social factors. In this case, the social, economic and environmental inequalities can determine the risk level of people getting ill, their capability to prevent the illnesses as well as their access to the effective treatment. All these social factors have been described by the scholars using different models but the most widely used is the Dahlgren and Whitehead Health Determinants Rainbow Model (Bryant, et al., 2011). The model thus maps the association between a person, setting, and the health. The individuals are centrally placed and surrounded by different influences on health which comprise the lifestyle of an individual, the influences of the community, working and living conditions among other factors. The framework has therefore assisted the researchers to come up with the various hypotheses regarding health determinants to explore the relative influence of these determinants on various outcomes of health as well as the association between different determinants. Analysis Structure changes, as well as the social organization regarding the causes of diseases over the last century, have changed their focus to various impacts of the health with the concomitant impacts on structure and resourcing structure of the health care. In this case, there have been 3 different stages in the movement of the public health since mid of 19th century to the present time in the western part of Europe regarding industrialization as well as the increasing healthcare and pharmaceutical access (Gibson et al., 2010). Black Report There was a need to take action in England between 1830s and 70s concerning housing and sanitation and the provision of the clean water and food that is adequate. These actions are evident in the national public health act in 1846 and 1875 indicating intervention by the administration through legislation to prevent the spread of diseases among the families living in poverty. Landlord Report Afterwards, it was followed by the understanding of the disease transmission era which is the germ theory. This raised the concentration on specific approaches to prevention which include the use of vaccination and immunization. Also, there was school and community health services which were aimed at supporting children and mothers. The main reason for this was to offer information as well as practical support to facilitate people to assume the responsibility of keeping themselves healthy. This was then followed by the therapeutic era where the discovery of the insulin as well as sulphonamide drugs (McCartney et al., 2010). These drugs could cure almost all the illness regardless of the daily context of the people. However, this was never the final journey as there was a need to clearly understand the social factors that could affect the health of the individual. Public health promotion in the 21st century is a multi-disciplinary activity that ranges from the health and disease surveillance among the populations via the provision of the health information and advice. In this case, disease occurrence takes place in different levels which comprise the action taken by the individual to those that are undertaken by both local and international agencies (Morgan Ziglio, 2010). Further, disease occurrence takes place in different environments such as youth centers, street, hospital setting, workplace, homes or even the nightclubs. Based on the Dahlgren and Whitehead model, there are various social factors that influence health. These include the age sex and the hereditary factors, the lifestyle factors of an individual, the social community networks as well as the general socio-economic, environmental and cultural conditions. Dahlgren and Whitehead's model is a multifactorial approach that differentiates social factors and individual which offers a diagram with layers that can be peeled away. In the core of the diagram is the attributes that can be inherited which comprise the age, hereditary factors, and sex. Also, the inner layer indicates that health is partially determined the by the lifestyle of an individual which include the diet, physical activity as well as patterns of smoking. On the third layer, the model focuses an attention to the association with friends, family as well as other significant factors that are found in the community (Burris, 2011). They are therefore the downstream health determinants which include the actions of the community and the individual. The next layer concentrates on the living and the working conditions. This includes the housing, healthcare services access, employment among other factors (Krumeich Meershoek, 2014). Finally, the outer layer focuses on the wider soci o-economic, environmental and cultural factors which comprise the economic development, political change, welfare system change, structures as well as social forces. In as much as this is not clearly indicated in the diagram, there is a possibility for the interaction between layers. For instance, a reduction in the systems of welfare services could lead to adverse effects which may hinder people getting access to adequate housing hence influencing their health. Sex, gender, and health. It has been believed that sex instead of gender determines the health of the individuals. In this case, in most countries, the life expectancy of men is lower as compared to that of females and the same case is expected to continue (Raphael, 2011). However, in the recent days, the disadvantages on male have become significantly less as compared to before. For instance in Wales and England, between 1970 and 2003, the life expectancy of the male has increased by four years whereas the life expectancy of the women has increased by only three years (Mogford, Gould DeVoght, 2010). Therefore, given the assumption that women are biologically advantaged regarding the life expectancy, this assumption can be challenged. The changes can be attributed to various factors such as the improved healthcare services as a result of improved healthcare re system. Also, many men have been educated on the dangers of different lifestyles which should endanger their lifes hence the ir life expectancy has increased. Inequalities and disparities exist between various groups in the society. The main reason for this inequality is an uneven distribution of the resources specifically based on the allocation norms which favor specific groups of persons. The difference in allocation of the resources in the society is brought about by the factors such as sexual orientation, kinship, age, ethnicity, health care, the source of wealth, political representation, education as well as the freedom of speech among other factors (Baum et al., 2013). The social inequality that is associated with the economic inequality is based on the unequal distribution of the wealth and income. In as much as economics and sociology use varied terms theoretical techniques to assess and describe the economic inequality, both fields are more concerned with the understanding of this issue. Due to the uneven distribution of the resources in the society, it leads to some people having more resources while others having none or less. This creates a scenario of social class within a society where those that are favored in terms of resource distribution are prioritized in terms of service delivery as compared to those that are resource poor. Social inequality is fashioned by various factors that are structural which comprise the geographical location or the status of the population which is mainly underpinned by cultural identities and discourses (Embrett Randall, 2014). For instance whether the poor are undeserving or deserving. In societies that are simple, those people that have few social responsibilities as well as statuses that are occupied by its members, they could be lower social inequality and vice versa. However, in the societies that are tribal, the head of the tribe may enjoy some privileges, use some instruments where others do not have. This causes social inequality. Another reason that has led to the social disparity and inequality in the society is the increased complexity of the society. In this case, when the population lives in the complex societies rather than the simple societies, the level of inequality tends to increase in line with the increasing gap between the wealthy and the poor members of t he society. The number of the older adults that utilizes health care services are more as compared to the younger populations. In as much as the number of the older adults differs widely concerning the status of health, most of them have at least one chronic condition which necessitates them to seek medical attention (Beltran, et al., 2011). Further, the older adults differ regarding the demographic features which result in variation in their needs for using the health services (Townsend Foster, 2013). The projection for the utilization of the healthcare services such as Medicaid and Medicare suffers a limitation though the overall projections show that the health care service demand among the older adults will significantly rise in the coming years. This will, therefore, put more pressure on the healthcare services such as Medicaid and the Medicare budgets as well as the capability of the healthcare workers to deliver those services. Averagely, the older adults visit offices of the physicians twice more than people below 65 years every year. The reason for the frequent visit of the older adults is the fact that most of them have chronic conditions or for pre or post-surgery visit which is not the case with the younger population. However, the older adults are less likely to seek preventative care as compared to the young adults (Potvin, 2012). Some of the chronic conditions that affect the older adults and make them regular users of the healthcare services include hypertension, diabetes, cancer, heart disease and joint problems. Most of them, therefore, tend to seek medical attention form the health care providers. Due to these visits, it helps in the improvement of the health outcome of the older adults since the healthcare services offer them the best opportunity to find appropriate care form different healthcare facilities. The older adults are particularly vulnerable as they move between different types of care. Since there is no proper coordination among the healthcare providers in different environments, this can lead to the care fragmentation which therefore places the older adults at high risk for duplication or absence of the required services that would address the condition at hand. The vulnerability also increases due to stress which is due to the movement from one facility to another in search of the care (Koh et al., 2010). The changes in medication as a result of facility change lead to adverse effects of drugs which will lead the transition of care form the hospital setting to the long-term care setting such as the nursing home or the private home settings (Barton Grant, 2013). Also, there are instances of incomplete procedure during discharge from the hospitals which may be associated with the re-hospitalization that is unnecessary (Jinks, Ong O'Neill, 2010). Further, this kind of care f ragmentation may be due to the poor coordination between the care providers who care for the older adults in different environmental settings hence increasing the failure to meet the standards of care quality. The health care services have ensured that the older adults have access to wide variety of healthcare services. This includes the provision of the appropriate drugs that help in treating their chronic conditions. In this case, the medical services foot out some bills for the older adults who consume most of the over the counter medications. Some of these medications that are widely used by the older adults include the anti-hypertension, drugs for cholesterol control, pain relief and drugs for the control and treatment of the heart diseases. Some of this medication have become cheaper to the older adults since the costs are shared with the healthcare services hence can better improve their health outcomes (Sheiham et al., 2011). However, the availability of the drugs over the counter has increased resistance in various diseases such as bacterial which have increased the risk of the older adults but the adverse effects are outweighed by the significance of the healthcare services. Ther efore, healthcare services have helped to improve the health quality of the older adults. Conclusion The existence of the health inequalities are unfair practices and avoidable in health status between groups of communities and individuals. The health of individuals are determined by our lifestyle, genetics, the care we receive as well as the wider determinants. These are also influenced by our social, physical as well as environment comprising employment, education as depicted by Dahlgren and Whitehead model. With the clear understanding of the relationships between all these social factors, it assists the healthcare professionals on their perspective regarding illnesses, health as well as the causes of what makes people ill or well which finally impact on the kind of treatment. References Barton, H., Grant, M. (2013). Urban planning for healthy cities.Journal of Urban Health,90(1), 129-141. Baum, F. E., Laris, P., Fisher, M., Newman, L., MacDougall, C. (2013). Never mind the logic, give me the numbers: Former Australian health ministers' perspectives on the social determinants of health.Social Science Medicine,87, 138-146. Beltran, V. M., Harrison, K. M., Hall, H. I., Dean, H. D. (2011). Collection of social determinant of health measures in US national surveillance systems for HIV, viral hepatitis, STDs, and TB.Public Health Reports,126(3_suppl), 41-53. Bryant, T., Raphael, D., Schrecker, T., Labonte, R. (2011). Canada: A land of missed opportunity for addressing the social determinants of health.Health Policy,101(1), 44-58. Burris, S. (2011). Law in a social determinants strategy: a public health law research perspective.Public health reports,126(3_suppl), 22-27. Embrett, M. G., Randall, G. E. (2014). Social determinants of health and health equity policy research: exploring the use, misuse, and nonuse of policy analysis theory.Social Science Medicine,108, 147-155. Gibson, M., Petticrew, M., Bambra, C., Sowden, A. J., Wright, K. E., Whitehead, M. (2011). Housing and health inequalities: a synthesis of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at different pathways linking housing and health.Health place,17(1), 175-184. Jinks, C., Ong, B. N., O'Neill, T. (2010). " Well, it's nobody's responsibility but my own." A qualitative study to explore views about the determinants of health and prevention of knee pain in older adults.BMC Public Health,10(1), 148. Knol, A. B., Briggs, D. J., Lebret, E. (2010). Assessment of complex environmental health problems: Framing the structures and structuring the frameworks.Science of the Total Environment,408(14), 2785-2794. Koh, H. K., Oppenheimer, S. C., Massin-Short, S. B., Emmons, K. M., Geller, A. C., Viswanath, K. (2010). Translating research evidence into practice to reduce health disparities: a social determinants approach.American journal of public health,100(S1), S72-S80. Krumeich, A., Meershoek, A. (2014). Health in global context; beyond the social determinants of health?.Global health action,7(1), 23506. McCartney, G., Thomas, S., Thomson, H., Scott, J., Hamilton, V., Hanlon, P., ... Bond, L. (2010). The health and socioeconomic impacts of major multi-sport events: systematic review (1978-2008).BMj,340, c2369. Mogford, E., Gould, L., DeVoght, A. (2010). Teaching critical health literacy in the US as a means to action on the social determinants of health.Health Promotion International,26(1), 4-13. Morgan, A., Ziglio, E. (2010). Revitalising the public health evidence base: An asset model. InHealth assets in a global context(pp. 3-16). Springer New York. Potvin, L. (2012). Intersectoral action for health: more research is needed!. Raphael, D. (2011). A discourse analysis of the social determinants of health.Critical Public Health,21(2), 221-236. Sheiham, A., Alexander, D., Cohen, L., Marinho, V., Moyss, S., Petersen, P. E., Weyant, R. (2011). Global oral health inequalities: task groupimplementation and delivery of oral health strategies.Advances in Dental Research,23(2), 259-267. Townsend, N., Foster, C. (2013). Developing and applying a socio-ecological model to the promotion of healthy eating in the school.Public health nutrition,16(6), 1101-1108.

Autonomous Valhi Implementation Predictions -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Autonomous Valhi Implementation Predictions? Answer: Introduction Self-driving cars or Autonomous cars refers to the unmanned ground vehicles that is capable of sensing the environment along with the navigation without any interference or input from the humans. These type of cars are becoming a concrete reality and is paving the way for the systems of the future, which mainly includes the taking over of the art of driving by the computers. The self-driving cars make use of various techniques to detect the things around its surroundings and this involves things like the radar, laser light, GPS and many more. Self-driving cars works in similar fashion like that of the Intelligence (Brett, 2016). The main reason for using the definition of intelligence is that intelligence is something, which has its existence in the environment and is having a set of sensors for doing the perceptions to achieve a certain goal. At the starting informations are gathered by the use of several sensors, which is followed by processing of the informations to make certain j udgement or decision. Lastly takes action to reach a certain place. There are various potential benefits of the self-driving cars and this include the increase in mobility associated with reduction in the cost of infrastructure. Along with this, there is also an increase in the safety and customer satisfaction. Self-driving cars also decreases the rate of crime, collision of traffics, injuries because of accident and the related costs. The self-driving cars increases the flow of traffic along with enhanced mobility of the childrens, the elderly peoples, the disabled peoples along with reliving the travellers from the chore of driving and navigation. This will lead to low fuel consumption; the need of parking space is also reduced along with facilitating the business models for transport as a service. This report mainly discusses about the basic concept of self-driving cars along with discussing about the various problems associated with this type of cars. The solution for mitigation of all these problems are also provided in this report. The main aim of the report is put emphasis on the concept of the self-driving cars stating the sectors, which are involved into the concept. The main issue, which is discussed in the report, is the issues, which are related to the concept and putting focus on the solutions which can be applied in it to rectify the problem (Anderson et al., 2017). Concept The general algorithm used by self-driving cars is Bayesian Simulation Localization and mapping algorithm or SLAM. This algorithm fuses the various data received from the sensors and an off-line map is used for the estimation of the current location along with updates regarding the map. SLAM associated with the DATMO or Detection and Tracking of other Moving Objects is used for handling various things like the cars or pedestrians (Bojarski et al., 2016). There are also similar systems present in the self-driving cars and this might include things like the roadside real-time locating system to aid the localisation. There are also some typical sensors like the lider, stereo vision, GPS and IMU (Litman, 2014). A machine vision is used by the visual object recognition, which also includes the neural networks. The concept of deep learning or neural networks is also being implemented in the developing concept of self-driving cars. There are many computational stage or levels included in th e deep neural networks. This neuron is simulated from the environment, which are responsible for the activation of the network. The neural network is mainly dependent on the extensive amount of data that is extracted from the events taking place in real life. The activation of neural network takes place along with the learning and performing of the best course of action. The main reason for the implementation of deep learning is to answer different real life situations. This is also used for programming the self-driving cars. Along with these sensors like the LIDAR sensor is already being used in the self-driving cars so as detect objects around the car. Besides this, there is also camera for detecting the condition of the environment. There are 6 levels of driving in the self-driving cars and this are namely Level 0: This is an automated system which provides warnings and intervene is caused shortly but there is no vehicle control in a sustained way. Level 1: In this system the driver as well as the automated control shares a control over the vehicle. One example is automated stearin for parking assistance and manual speed. In this, the driver should be ready for taking control over the full car at any time. Level 2: This level consists of a fully automated system, which takes control over the car. There is a need of monitoring the driving by the driver along with being ready to intervene any time when the automated system fails. Level 3: At this level, the drivers are able to take their eyes off from driving. The vehicles at this level are capable of handling situations in case of emergency. Level 4: Similar to that of level three but there is no need of driver attention ever for the safety of the vehicle. Level 5: At this level, there is no need of any type of human intervention (Howard Dai, 2014). Underlying problem There can be different types of problem when relating to a self-driving car. The problem related to the self-driving cars are explained below: The car would be killing the co passengers to save the pedestrians: The problem in this case is with the programming of the car. In this situation the main problem is that in case of emergency who would the technology save, its own passenger or the pedestrian. This problem is a real world version of the ethical dilemma, which is called the trolley problem. A dilemma directly explores the ethics of killing one-person verses killing several people. One crash is all it takes: ones there is any of the accident related to self-driving car receives many attentions. The risk factor, which are associated with the automated car, will inevitable increase the fear. There are different factors, which could derail the autonomous vehicles through numerous path. The concept of the self-driving car can directly deter the customer, create liability issue; provoke politicians to enact suffocating restrictions in the field. Technology is opaque and hard to understand: The lack of transparency about what concept is put behind self-driving cars will create mistrust relating to the machine. It can be stated in this case that too much of information could directly overwhelm the passengers, which can result in increasing transparency (Yang Coughlin, 2014). Therefore, it is very much important to do some of the research in this field that could directly make the customers fell safe. Similar research in this field relating to the information, which makes the customer more acceptance towards the concept of the self-driving cars. The concept of the self-driving car should be clear towards the common people. Assistance related to psychology or manipulation: In the manipulation world, everything can be manipulated. Experts in this field have stated that human being can be manipulated to be and think according to need. If a driverless car is programmed in a way, which can be manipulated for an accident, it can be big problem (Hne et al., 2017). Addressing the problem The main problem, which is seen in the sector of the driverless cars, is the technology, which is used in the cars. There are many things or technological aspects, which are involved into the concept like the sensors, which help in detecting the environment, the maps which have the cars ton move from one location to another and the main aspect is the aspect of the communication. The communication aspect is important, as it tends to create a sort of involvement between different cars on the road as well as creating a communication with the flow of the traffic lights. The concept of the hackers can also play a role in this aspect. The driverless cars are basically programmed car which are used for the purpose of moving from one point to another. If the hackers re-program the cars in order to do some sort of unethical practice it can be very much fatal (Yang Coughlin, 2014). Hacking can be considered as one of the important factors in field of any technological aspects. Hackers always tend to sneak into system which have some of fault involved into it and which can create harm to normal people. Solution to the problem In every software or technology, there are always scope of improvement. Improvement can be implemented in different way depending upon the sectors of improvement. The sector of the self-driving cars can achieve different types of improvements, which can make the people fell safe about the concept. In recent times technology should be incorporated in a way which makes the life of the people more easy and safe. The following solutions relating to the self-driving cars can make the technology more safe and user friendly. Solution 1: Better Software It can be noted that none of the softwares in the phones, laptop or modern system is designed to operate for an extended period without crashing, freezing or dropping a call. If similar types of error occur in the concept of self-driving car it can be fatal. In present situation Google self-Driving car, avoid the software failure by having a backup driver and a second person whose main job is the monitoring. The system can be shut down anytime when there is possibility of any glitch in the system. In this context, it can be stated that a safe software must be incorporate so that the technology can be considered safe. Solution 2: Better Sensor A self- driving car should be able to judge between a harmless situation and a dangerous situation. If this is not taken into consideration, the car could be always applying the brakes without any proper reason. The cars should be able to judge in sufficient amount of time that whether a pedestrian is going to cross the road or not or whether a bike is going to swerve left. The human being are able to sense this problem but the concept of the self-driving cars are not able to judge the situations. The sensors should be built in a way, which can detect and react accordingly. Solution 3: Better Maps The Google self-driving car operate in the roads seamlessly due to the reason that the company has created some sort of street view on steroids which is a kind of virtual map of the town. This implementation makes the cars know how the street actually looks like when it is empty and only have to fill in objects such as cars and the pedestrians. On the other hand, it can be stated that the drivels cars with the current sensors would not be able to operate in some of smooth manner. Solution 4: Ethical Robot The ethical issue with the cars are the main concern in this sector. Sometimes a driver of the car have to decide either to drive to the left or to the right for instance. In this way, it can injure three people in a truck or potentially kill more people in this process. These type of ethical dilemmas would require the software in the self-driving car to be weight all the different outcomes and finally decide what action should be taken in those type of situations. A machine, which would be able to decide this, would be unprecedented in the history of human being. In this context experts states that there are always an expert human being who decide what has to be done in each situation, which makes the concept safe. Even the drones, which are automated in the war, use the guidance of human being in order to strike the exact location (Kyriakidis, Happee de Winter, 2015). The decisions, which are made by the cars, should be very much quickly and must be right due to the factor that it would be a factor of risk if wrong decisions were made at that time. The software should be very much updated with security aspects involved into it. Solution 5: Better Communication Better communication in any type of software can be stated to be very much essential. In the concept of the driver less cars, it is very much important to produce some sort of communication between other cars in the road. In many of the situation, these cars should be able to very much flexible so that they can adjust with the position of other cars. The concept of the changing the direction and communicating with other driverless cars should be created which would be making the concept very much safe and can be used by the common people. The communication with the traffic signals should also be created which can avoid accident scenario on the roads. The concept should ensure the safety of the passengers as well as the pedestrians by means of creating a approach of better communication (Thierer Hagemann, 2015). Solution 6: Limited hacking All over the world, the concept of hacking is playing a dominating role, which directly involve auspicious activity, which tend to divert the normal form of human life. The hackers would always try to loop into system in which they can gain advantage. There should be installation of some type of anti-hacking software, which can make the system free from the activities of the hackers. This would not only protect the concept but also make the technology safer and readily accepted by the people in the society for their daily use. (Kyriakidis, Happee de Winter, 2015). Conclusion The report helps in concluding that autonomous or self-driving cars are the future of the vehicles. These cars are built with various sensors for gaining knowledge about the environment along with helping in navigation of the cars. The sensors are also used for avoiding collisions. Augment reality is the basic concept that is used by this type of cars, which means that they are having the capability of using a range of technology. This helps the drivers in getting informations in a new and innovative way. There is also a risk that problem might arise in the existing auto insurance and the controls in traffic that are being used for the cars that are controlled by the humans. Autonomous vehicles will be bringing a revolution in the mobility as well as the inevitable car insurance. However, the pace of changing cannot be predicted. The report also helps in the identification of various problems and along with these, various solutions have been provided in this report for eliminating th ose problems. The problem area being vast should be focused in an appropriate way so that if the changes are not implemented it could lead to grater problem. References Anderson, C., Vasudevan, R., Johnson-Roberson, M. (2017). Failing to Learn: Autonomously Identifying Perception Failures for Self-driving Cars.arXiv preprint arXiv:1707.00051 Bojarski, M., Del Testa, D., Dworakowski, D., Firner, B., Flepp, B., Goyal, P., ... Zhang, X. (2016). End to end learning for self-driving cars.arXiv preprint arXiv:1604.07316. Brett, J. A. (2016).Thinking Local about Self-Driving Cars: A Local Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Development in the United States(Doctoral dissertation). De Winter, J. C., Happee, R., Martens, M. H., Stanton, N. A. (2014). Effects of adaptive cruise control and highly automated driving on workload and situation awareness: A review of the empirical evidence.Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour,27, 196-217. Goodrich, J. (2013). Driving miss daisy: an autonomous chauffeur system.Browser Download This Paper. Hne, C., Heng, L., Lee, G. H., Fraundorfer, F., Furgale, P., Sattler, T., Pollefeys, M. (2017). 3D visual perception for self-driving cars using a multi-camera system: Calibration, mapping, localization, and obstacle detection.Image and Vision Computing,68, 14-27. Hne, C., Sattler, T., Pollefeys, M. (2015, September). Obstacle detection for self-driving cars using only monocular cameras and wheel odometry. InIntelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on(pp. 5101-5108). IEEE. Howard, D., Dai, D. (2014). Public perceptions of self-driving cars: The case of Berkeley, California. InTransportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting(Vol. 14, No. 4502). Kyriakidis, M., Happee, R., de Winter, J. C. (2015). Public opinion on automated driving: Results of an international questionnaire among 5000 respondents.Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour,32, 127-140. Lin, P. (2016). Why ethics matters for autonomous cars. InAutonomous Driving(pp. 69-85). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Litman, T. (2014). Autonomous vehicle implementation predictions.Victoria Transport Policy Institute,28. Mladenovic, M. N., McPherson, T. (2016). Engineering social justice into traffic control for self-driving vehicles?.Science and engineering ethics,22(4), 1131-1149. Thierer, A., Hagemann, R. (2015). Removing roadblocks to intelligent vehicles and driverless cars.Wake Forest JL Pol'y,5, 339. Weinberg, B. D., Milne, G. R., Andonova, Y. G., Hajjat, F. M. (2015). Internet of Things: Convenience vs. privacy and secrecy.Business Horizons,58(6), 615-624. Yang, J., Coughlin, J. F. (2014). In-vehicle technology for self-driving cars: Advantages and challenges for aging drivers.International Journal of Automotive Technology,15(2), 333-340.